Trinity College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1555 by Sir Thomas Pope, the college once housed Benedictine monks from Durham Cathedral. Despite its large size, the college is relatively small in terms of student numbers at approximately 400. It was founded as a men’s college and became coeducational in 1979.
Trinity College was established with the aim of providing education to students who could not afford the fees at other colleges. Sir Thomas Pope 🔗, a wealthy merchant, funded its creation to offer opportunities for academic advancement to a broader range of students. The college boasts a mix of architectural styles, reflecting its history of continuous development and renovation. The main quad, for example, is surrounded by buildings from different periods, including the 16th-century chapel and 17th-century dining hall.
Trinity College is renowned for its strong academic performance and tradition of excellence. It has produced three prime ministers, placing it third in terms of former students who have served in that position after Christ Church and Balliol, and distinguished alumni, including the writer and philosopher Sir Thomas More (who was a prominent figure in the 16th century) and the mathematician and physicist Sir Michael Atiyah.
What's the History of Trinity College?
Trinity College stands on what was originally Durham College, built for Benedictine monks from Durham Cathedral (which was founded in 1291). The site was surrendered to the crown in March 1545 and granted to private owners in 1553 (during the period of the Protestant Reformation). Civil servant Thomas Pope 🔗 acquired it in 1555 and founded Trinity College 16 days later. Pope was a Catholic with no surviving children and hoped that by founding a college, he would be remembered in the prayers of its students. His remains are still encased beside the chapel altar.
The original foundation of Trinity College provided for a president, 12 fellows, 12 scholars, and up to 20 undergraduates. The fellows were required to take Holy Orders and remain unmarried.
The Trinity-Balliol Rivalry
There has been a traditional and fierce rivalry shown between the students of Trinity and those of its immediate neighbour to the west, Balliol College. This rivalry manifests on the sports field and the river, in the form of songs, and in “raids” on the other college.
The Buildings of Trinity College
Trinity College’s main entrance is enclosed by an iron palisade rather than a wall, and the distinctive blue gates provide it with a more open and accessible appearance than many others in Oxford.
The Durham Quadrangle
The original layout of Durham College was centred around a single quadrangle, which is now known as the Durham Quad. This design was typical of medieval colleges, providing a structured and enclosed space for study and communal living. The buildings around the Durham Quad were constructed in the Gothic architectural style, reflecting the aesthetic and functional preferences of the period.
Trinity College's Chapel
Founded in 1555, the chapel features elegant stained glass windows, intricate wooden carvings, and a beautifully crafted ceiling. Its design reflects the rich history and religious traditions of the college, providing a serene space for worship and reflection. The chapel is also known for its role in college ceremonies and its association with the college’s heritage.
Trinity College's Dining Hall
Trinity College’s Dining Hall is a notable feature of the college, celebrated for its historical and architectural significance. Built in the 16th century, the hall reflects the traditional grandeur of Oxford College dining spaces. The hall boasts an impressive Tudor-style design with high, vaulted ceilings, and wooden paneling. Its architecture embodies the classic collegiate style of the period, combining functionality with aesthetic appeal.
Trinity College's Front Quad
The front quad was formed by the new buildings (1883–1885) and the president’s lodgings (1885–1887). These were both designed by Thomas Graham Jackson 🔗. The quad also includes some older buildings on Broad Street (four old cottages and Kettell Hall, a stone house built by President Ralph Kettell). Together, these elements create a harmonious blend of historic and Victorian architectural styles.
Trinity College's Garden Quad
Sir Christopher Wren, one of the most renowned architects of the 17th century, designed the Garden Quad as part of a major redevelopment project for Trinity College. Wren’s design is characterized by its classical proportions and the use of elegant materials, embodying the architectural style of the period. The north side of the quad was completed first, between 1665 and 1668. This freestanding block features a uniform and symmetrical façade.
Trinity College's Library
Established in the 16th century, the library features a rich collection of books, manuscripts, and archival materials. Its elegant design includes wooden shelving and classical architectural details, creating a serene environment for study and research. The library supports both the college’s current academic needs and preserves its extensive historical collections, reflecting Trinity College’s commitment to scholarship and heritage.
What is it Like to Study at Trinity College, Oxford?
Trinity College offers accommodation to all undergraduate students. First and second years are housed on the college’s main site and third and fourth years in college buildings on Woodstock Road.
Trinity College offers a vibrant academic and social environment for its students. It provides a range of extracurricular activities and has a strong sense of community, with traditions that enhance the college experience. The Trinity College Chapel Choir consists of up to eight choral scholars and over thirty voluntary singers and frequently goes on annual tours.
The college also has a significant library and archives, including rare manuscripts and historical documents. The library supports a wide range of research and academic pursuits.
Where is Trinity College?
Trinity College is located on Broad Street in central Oxford, England. Its central location places it near other key university buildings and close to Oxford’s main attractions and amenities. The college’s location is convenient for access to the broader university and the city of Oxford itself.
Address: Broad Street (OX1 3BH), Oxford. Tel 01865 279900.
Can you Visit Trinity College?
Yes, Trinity College is open to the public.
- Open: 09.30- 18.00 during summer and 09.30-dusk during winter.
- Charge: Adults £3; seniors, children £2. No charge for group leaders or teachers accompanying school groups.
- Groups: Advance booking recommended to avoid disappointment.
